About the Sastras

The Sastras (also spelled Shastras) are the scientific and systematic treatises that codify the knowledge contained in the Vedas into practical disciplines. The word “Sastra” comes from the Sanskrit root “shas” meaning “to instruct” or “to govern” - they are thus the authoritative texts that guide human conduct and understanding.

The principal Sastras include:

Dharma Sastra

The texts on law, ethics, and religious duty. The most important include Manu Smriti (Laws of Manu), Yajnavalkya Smriti, and Parasara Smriti. These texts outline the duties and responsibilities of individuals based on their stage of life (ashrama) and role in society (varna).

Artha Sastra

The science of governance, economics, and statecraft, most famously represented by Kautilya’s Arthasastra. It covers topics such as taxation, administration, law enforcement, diplomacy, and military strategy.

Nyaya Sastra

The texts on logic, epistemology, and valid means of knowledge. Founded by the sage Gautama, Nyaya provides the framework for rational inquiry and philosophical debate in Hindu thought.

Vastu Sastra

The science of architecture and spatial arrangement, governing the design and construction of buildings, temples, and cities in harmony with natural and cosmic forces.

Jyotish Sastra

The science of astronomy and astrology, one of the six Vedangas (limbs of the Vedas). It encompasses astronomical calculations, calendar making, and the study of planetary influences on human affairs.

Ayurveda

The “science of life” - the ancient Indian system of medicine attributed to the sages Charaka and Sushruta. It encompasses herbal medicine, surgery, diet, lifestyle, and spiritual practices for maintaining health and treating disease.

More content will be added to this section in the future.